PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM PERDATA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEPASTIAN HUKUM HUBUNGAN KERJA DI INDONESIA: ANALISIS BERDASARKAN STATUS PEKERJAAN UTAMA

Abstrak

   Employment relationships constitute legal relationships arising from agreements between employees and employers, requiring legal protection to ensure legal certainty for both parties. This study aims to analyze civil legal protection in realizing legal certainty in employment relationships in Indonesia based on employment status. The research employs normative legal research supported by secondary empirical data to strengthen normative legal analysis. The study applies statutory, conceptual, and analytical approaches. Data were obtained from the Indonesian Civil Code, labor legislation, scholarly literature, Statistics Indonesia (BPS), and Industrial Relations Dispute (PHI) case data published by the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia. The findings indicate that the dominance of employees categorized as wage earners or salaried workers underscores the importance of employment agreements as the legal foundation of employment relationships. However, the high number of unilateral dismissal cases and industrial disputes demonstrates that the implementation of good faith principles and legal protection remains suboptimal. Therefore, strengthening the implementation of civil law, compliance with employment agreements, and the effectiveness of legal protection is essential to achieve legal certainty in employment relationships in Indonesia.