Potensi Bakteri Endofit Tanaman Penghasil Senyawa Bioaktif

Abstract

Endophytic bacteria are bacteria that reside within the tissues of host plants without causing damage. These bacteria form effective colonies within plant tissues, stimulating plant immune responses while establishing symbiotic relationships with their hosts and producing bioactive compounds. Endophytic bacteria can produce antibacterial compounds that inhibit pathogenic bacteria and generate antioxidant compounds. Plant endophytic bacteria that produce bioactive compounds include those isolated from pulai leaves (Alstonia scholaris), andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC), papaya (Carica papaya L.), soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.), banana humps (Musa balbisiana Colla), kasturi mango (Mangifera casturi Kosterm), and turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), all of which produce antibacterial compounds capable of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria. Meanwhile, endophytic bacteria from Hoya multiflora Blume, red ginger (Zingiber officinale Linn. var. Rubrum), and guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) produce potent antioxidant compounds.